DIABETIC FOOT

Abstract

RELEVANCE. Diabetic Mellitus is one of the world's  common Chronic diseases. According to the world health organization it's assumed that 60% of the people from Asian countries have this disease. Diabetic foot is an ulcer that could develop in people who have diabetic type 1 and type 2. Which is an open wound and the most commonly affected part of the body is the foot. It was found that 18.6 million people worldwide are considered to be affected by the diabetic foot and about half of the people are identified that they got the diabetic foot due to infection and the 20% of them will result in amputating the foot which is necessary for prevention of spreading of the gangrene to the other parts of the body. This could end up in a serious influence on the daily life of the patients and it is necessary to educate each and every individual regarding the diabetic foot complication and make them aware of methods of taking care of the foot. 

The diabetic mellitus leads to development of diseases that are related to neuropathic sensory loss and peripheral arterial diseases (PAD) which inturn triggers the diabetic foot formation. The neuropathic lead to loss of sensation and PAD lead to ischemia, the systematic analysis showed that 0.003-2.8% of neuropathic caused diabetic and 0.01- 0.4%  PAD caused diabetic. The common clinical manifestation of PAD is numbeness, tingling, and loss of feeling in foot. Diabetes can also be one of the reasons for the formation of Charcot arthropathy, which includes diminishing of bones, joints and soft tissues. Neuropathy also leads to continuous micro trauma, metabolic disorders of bone which causes inflammation, fractures and deformities which highly contributes for the infections to occur.