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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vector</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вектор молодёжной медицинской науки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The vector of youth medical science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">3033-5663</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Курский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vector-381</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ЭКСТРАКЦИИ ДНК ИЗ ЦЕЛЬНОЙ КРОВИ ФЕНОЛЬНО-ХЛОРОФОРМНЫМ И КОЛОНОЧНЫМ МЕТОДАМИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY OF DNA EXTRACTION FROM WHOLE BLOOD SAMPLES BY PHENOL-CHLOROFORM AND COLUMN METHODS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3447-0715</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>Артём Юрьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>Artem Yuryevich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент 1 курса биотехнологического факультета</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1 year student of the Biotechnological Faculty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">artemivanov1612@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Азарова</surname><given-names>Юлия Эдуардовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Azarova</surname><given-names>Yuliia Eduardovna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующий кафедрой биологической и химической технологии, заведующий лабораторией биохимической генетики и метаболомики НИИ генетической и молекулярной эпидемиологии КГМУ</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the Department of Biological and Chemical Technology, Head of the Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics and Metabolomics, Research Institute of Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">azzzzar@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>КГМУ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>KSMU</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>35</fpage><lpage>42</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Иванов А.Ю., Азарова Ю.Э., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Иванов А.Ю., Азарова Ю.Э.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ivanov A.Y., Azarova Y.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vektor-journal.ru/jour/article/view/381">https://www.vektor-journal.ru/jour/article/view/381</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. В настоящее время исследование ДНК является одним из самых точных и информативных методов в медицине, криминалистике и молекулярной генетике. Успех анализа во многом зависит от качества выделенной ДНК, поэтому выбор оптимального метода её экстракции имеет ключевое значение для получения достоверных результатов.</p><p>Цель исследования – провести сравнительный анализ эффективности экстракции ДНК хлороформно-фенольным и колоночным методами.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Материалом исследования послужили 94 образца крови из биобанка НИИ генетической и молекулярной эпидемиологии КГМУ. Выделение геномной ДНК из крови осуществляли хлороформно-фенольным и колоночным методами, используя для последнего набор реагентов ЭкстрактДНК-2 (НОМОТЕК, Россия). Анализ концентрации и чистоты полученных образцов ДНК проводили с помощью спектрофотометра NanoDrop2000 (TermoFisherScientific, США). Статистический анализ данных выполнен в программе Statistica v.13.0 (StatSoftInc., США).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Анализ распределения концентрации и чистоты двух групп образцов, выполненный с помощью теста Колмогорова-Смирнова, выявил, что показатели концентрации ДНК в первой (полученной методом фенольно-хлороформной экстракции) и второй группе образцов (полученной колоночным методом), а также значения чистоты растворов второй группы ДНК имели ненормальное распределение (P&lt;0,01), тогда как распределение значений чистоты раствора ДНК первой группы образцов не отличалось от нормального. Установлено, что медиана концентрации ДНК, полученной фенольно-хлороформной экстракцией составила 119,50 нг/мкл (Q1=89,10; Q3=182,20) и статистически значимо превышала медиану концентрации образцов второй группы: Ме=39,05 нг/мкл (Q1=26,80; Q3=54,10, Р=3,69×10-16). При этом медиана чистоты растворов А 260/280 ДНК первой группы образцов (Ме=1,69 (Q1=1,65; Q3=1,74)) оказалась ниже такового показателя образцов второй группы: Ме=1,84 (Q1=1,80; Q3=1,87, Р=1,99×10-15).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Сравнение двух методов выделения ДНК из крови позволило установить, что фенольно-хлороформная экстракция дает значимо больший выход ДНК, однако уступает колоночному методу по показателю чистоты растворов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. DNA analysis is currently one of the most accurate and informative methods in medicine, forensics, and molecular genetics. The success of the analysis largely depends on the quality of the isolated DNA, so choosing the optimal extraction method is crucial for obtaining reliable results.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: is to conduct a comparative analysis of the efficiency of DNA extraction by chloroform-phenol and column methods.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study included 94 blood samples from the biobank of the Research Institute of Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, KSMU. Genomic DNA was isolated from the blood using the chloroform-phenol and column methods, using the ExtractDNA-2 reagent kit (NOMOTEK, Russia). The concentration and purity of the obtained DNA samples were analyzed using a NanoDrop2000 spectrophotometer (ThermoFisherScientific, USA). Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica v.13.0 (StatSoftInc., USA).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Analysis of the distribution of concentration and purity of two groups of samples, performed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, revealed that the DNA concentration values ​​in the first (obtained by phenol-chloroform extraction) and second group of samples (obtained by the column method), as well as the purity values ​​of the DNA solutions of the second group, had an abnormal distribution (P&lt;0.01), whereas the distribution of the purity values ​​of the DNA solution of the first group of samples did not differ from normal. It was found that the median concentration of DNA obtained by phenol-chloroform extraction was 119.50 ng/μl (Q1=89.10; Q3=182.20) and statistically significantly exceeded the median concentration of samples of the second group: Me=39.05 ng/μl (Q1=26.80; Q3=54.10, P=3.69×10-16). Moreover, the median purity A 260/280 of DNA solutions for the first group of samples (Me=1.69 (Q1=1.65; Q3=1.74)) was lower than that of the second group of samples: Me=1.84 (Q1=1.80; Q3=1.87, P=1.99×10-15).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. A comparison of the two methods for DNA extraction from blood revealed that phenol-chloroform extraction gives a significantly higher DNA yield, but is inferior to the column method in terms of solution purity.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фенольно-хлороформная экстракция ДНК</kwd><kwd>колоночный метод выделения ДНК</kwd><kwd>чистота раствора нуклеиновых кислот</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>phenol-chloroform DNA extraction</kwd><kwd>column DNA extraction</kwd><kwd>nucleic acid solution purity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dawodu O, Erinle Q. 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